The Kindergarten Readiness Assessment (KRA) is an observational tool aligned to the kindergarten standards that assesses a child’s readiness to learn in kindergarten. There are four areas of early learning assessed by the KRA: 1) Social Foundations (social-emotional development and approaches to learning); 2) Mathematics; 3) Language and Literacy; and 4) Physical Well-being and Motor Development. This tool is administered by their teacher within the first month of a child’s enrollment in kindergarten. 

The state of Ohio has legislated a 3rd Grade Reading Guarantee. The state test utilized to assess students’ reading is the Ohio Achievement Assessment (OAA). The test is administered at the start of 3rd grade, and at the end of the 3rd grade year. Students are scored according to five levels: advanced, accelerated, proficient, basic and limited. Those students who score proficient or above are promoted to 4th grade.

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*Third grade ELA from 2020 was not included because it contained only fall data which would be misleading in comparison.

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Ohio uses an Ohio State Test (OST) for Grade 8 mathematics. In general, students who score proficient or above on the 8th grade OST are considered ready to advance to the next level math in grade 9 (high school). The standards assessed by the OST in grade 8 are: 1) Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them; 2) Reason abstractly and quantitatively; 3) Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others; 4) Model with mathematics; 5) Use appropriate tools strategically; 6) Attend to precision; 7) Look for and make use of structure; and 8) Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.